Git was installed on your computer as part of your Bash install. Git on Mac OS X. Install Git on Macs by downloading and running the most recent installer for “mavericks” if you are using OS X 10.9 and higher -or- if using an earlier OS X, choose the most recent “snow leopard” installer, from this list. Download the free Git client for Windows, Mac & Linux! GitKraken Git GUI is free for use with public repositories. Join leading companies like Google, Microsoft & more! Git for Mac Installer The easiest way to install Git on a Mac is via the stand-alone installer: Download the latest Git for Mac installer. Follow the prompts to install Git.
Tutorial
Introduction
Part of our 'Essential Git' course. This course will teach you in an easy way how to use this fundamental tool for the development of any application. Get it now with a special YouTube promotion.
Open-source projects that are hosted in public repositories benefit from contributions made by the broader developer community, and are typically managed through Git.
A distributed version control system, Git makes team-based and open-source software projects easy to contribute to and to maintain. Free to download and use, Git is an example of an open-source project itself.
This tutorial will discuss the benefits of contributing to open-source projects, and go over installing and setting up Git so that you can contribute to software projects.
Contributing to Open-Source Projects
Open-source software is software that is freely available to use, redistribute, and modify.
Projects that are open source encourage a transparent process that is advanced through distributed peer review. Open-source projects can be updated quickly and as needed, and offer reliable and flexible software that is not built on locked proprietary systems.
Contributing to open-source projects helps ensure that they are as good as they can be and representative of the broad base of technology end-users. When end-users contribute to open-source projects through code or documentation, their diverse perspectives provide added value to the project, the project’s end-users, and the larger developer community.
The best way to begin to contribute to open-source projects is to start by contributing to software that you already use. As a user of a particular tool, you best understand what functionalities would be most valuable to the project. Make sure you read any available documentation about the software first. In fact, many open-source projects will have a CONTRIBUTING.md file in the root directory, which you should read carefully before you contribute. You may also want to get a sense of the interactions between other developers in the community if there are forums about the project available.
Finally, if you’re just starting out with contributing to open-source software, it is a good idea to start with something small — each contribution is valuable. You may want to start with fixing typos, adding comments, or writing clearer documentation.
One of the most popular version control systems for software is Git. Git was created in 2005 by Linus Torvalds, the creator of the Linux kernel. Originally utilized for the development of the Linux kernel, Junio Hamano is the current maintainer of the project.
Many projects maintain their files in a Git repository, and sites like GitHub, GitLab, and Bitbucket have made sharing and contributing to code simple, valuable, and effective. Every working directory in Git is a full-fledged repository with complete history and tracking independent of network access or a central server.
Version control has become an indispensable tool in modern software development because these systems allow you to keep track of software at the source level. You and other members of a development team can track changes, revert to previous stages, and branch off from the base code to create alternative versions of files and directories.
Git is so useful for open-source projects because it facilitates the contributions of many developers. Each contributor can branch off from the main or master branch of the code base repository to isolate their own changes, and can then make a pull request to have these changes integrated into the main project.
To use Git to contribute to open-source projects, let’s check to see if Git is installed, and if it’s not, let’s go through how to install it on your local machine.
Check If Git is Installed
First, you will want to check to see if you have Git command line tools installed on your computer. If you have been making repositories of your own code, then you likely have Git installed on your local machine. Some operating systems also come with Git installed, so it is worth checking before you install.
You can check whether Git is installed and what version you are using by opening up a terminal window in Linux or Mac, or a command prompt window in Windows, and typing the following command:
However, if Git is not installed, you will receive an error similar to the following:
In this case, you should install Git into your machine. Let’s go through installation for several of the major operating systems.
Installing Git on Linux
By far the easiest way of getting Git installed and ready to use is by using your version of Linux’s default repositories. Let’s go through how to install Git on your local Linux machine using this method.
Installing Git on Ubuntu 18.04 or Debian 10
You can use the apt package management tools to update your local package index. Afterwards, you can download and install the program:
While this is the fastest method of installing Git, the version may be older than the newest version. If you need the latest release, consider compiling Git from source by using this guide.
From here, you can continue on to the section on Setting Up Git.
Installing Git on CentOS
We’ll be using yum, CentOS’s native package manager, to search for and install the latest Git package available in CentOS’s repositories.
Let’s first make sure that yum is up to date by running this command:
The -y flag is used to alert the system that we are aware that we are making changes, preventing the terminal from prompting us to confirm.
Now, we can go ahead and install Git:
While this is the fastest method of installing Git, the version may be older than the newest version. If you need the latest release, consider compiling Git from source by following Option 2 from this guide.
From here, you can continue on to the section on Setting Up Git.
Installing Git on Fedora
Git packages for Fedora are available through both yum and dnf. Introduced in Fedora 18, DNF, or Dandified Yum, has been the default package manager for Fedora since Fedora 22.
From your terminal window, update dnf and install Git:
If you have an older version of Fedora, you can use the yum command instead. Let’s first update yum, then install Git:
From here, you can continue on to the section on Setting Up Git.
Installing Git on macOS
On a local Macintosh computer, if you type a Git command into your Terminal window (as in git --version above), you’ll be prompted to install Git if it is not already on your system. When you receive this prompt, you should agree to have Git installed and follow the instructions and respond to the prompts in your Terminal window.
You can install the most recent version of Git onto your Mac by installing it through the binary installer. There is an OS X Git installer maintained and available for download through the Git website. Clicking here will cause the download to start automatically.
Once Git is fully installed, you can continue on to the section on Setting Up Git.
Installing Git on Windows
For Windows, the official build is available for you to download through the Git website. Clicking here will cause the download to start automatically.
There is also an open-source project called Git for Windows, which is separate from the official Git website. This tool provides both command line and graphical user interface tools for using Git effectively on your Windows machine. For more information about this project and to inspect and download the code, visit the Git for Windows project site.
Once Git is fully installed, you can continue on to the section on Setting Up Git.
Setting Up Git
Now that you have Git installed, you need to do a few things so that the commit messages that will be generated for you will contain your correct information.
The easiest way of doing this is through the git config command. Specifically, we need to provide our name and email address because Git embeds this information into each commit we do. We can go ahead and add this information by typing:
We can see all of the configuration items that have been set by typing:
As you can see, this has a slightly different format. The information is stored in your Git configuration file, which you can optionally edit by hand with a text editor, like nano for example:
Once you’re done editing your file, you can exit nano by typing the control and x keys, and when prompted to save the file press y.
Git For Mac
There are many other options that you can set, but these are the two essential ones needed to prevent warnings in the future.
Conclusion
How To Download And Install Git Bash For Mac Download
With Git installed and set up on your local machine, you are now ready to use Git for version control of your own software projects as well as contribute to open-source projects that are open to the public.
Adding your own contributions to open-source software is a great way to become more involved in the broader developer community, and help to ensure that software made for the public is of a high quality and fully representative of the end users.
Installing and configuring Git on macOS can seem difficult if you’ve never used a command line before, but there are only a few things to learn to get started. This guide will take you through the steps to install and configure Git and connect it to remote repositories to clone, push, and pull.
Installing Git
Download the latest Git installer package, double click on the installer to start the installation wizard. You’ll be prompted for your system password in order for the installer to complete.
How To Install Git Bash On Mac
After you have successfully installed Git on Mac, you’ll need to provide secure communication with your Git repositories by creating and installing SSH keys.
Creating SSH keys on Mac
To communicate with the remote Git repository in your Beanstalk account from your Mac, you will need to generate an SSH key pair for that computer. This process requires only a few steps, and all of the tools necessary are included on your Mac.
Launching Terminal
Terminal is an application that comes with macOS and provides you with an interface to run text commands, switch through folders, and manage files. You can usually find it in your Applications → Utilities folder.
Generating a key pair
Type these commands in your Terminal window and press Return. First make sure you are in your home directory:
and then generate the keypair with:
It will ask for location, just accept the default location (~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub) by pressing Return. When it asks for a pass phrase, make sure to set a strong pass phrase for the key. We’ve included some additional information about SSH keys and how to manage strong pass phrases in our Tips for using SSH Keys guide.
Now that the keys are generated, copy it to your clipboard for the next step:
Your public key is now on your clipboard and you can easily add it to a version control hosting account like Beanstalk. When you paste it, your SSH public key should look something like this:
In your Beanstalk account, the added SSH key will look like this:
Checking your connection
Before trying to access your Git remote repository, check if the connection to your remote hosted Git repository works. Enter the following command in the Terminal, replacing “accountname” with your account name:
In this case, this is the URL to access Git on your Beanstalk account. If you are using another version control hosting service, the URL would be provided by them.
You’ll most likely encounter a message that looks like this:
You can type yes and press Enter, which will add your account’s hostname accountname.beanstalkapp.com to a known_hosts file. This step won’t need to be repeated unless your public key or your account names changes. Also, this must be done from the Terminal before using any GUI clients.
If you were authenticated correctly, you will see a message similar to this one:
You can now continue to configure your local Git profile.
Setting up your Git Profile
After you have authenticated correctly by installing Git and setting up SSH keys, before you start using your Git repositories, you should setup your Git profile by typing following after you run Git bash in command line:
In case you are using Beanstalk for version control, it would be best if your first name, last name and email address match to the ones you use in your account to avoid any conflicts.
Summary
In order to be able to use your repository you need to:
- Install Git
- Generate SSH keys with
ssh-keygen - Check if the connection to the Git repository is working
- Set up your Git profile
While getting started with Git, the most common mistakes include mismatched private and public SSH keys or the Beanstalk user not having permission to access the repository. Make sure to check these after you have finished setting up Git. If you run into issues, just contact us using one of the links below.
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Now what?
Now that you have Git properly installed and configured, you can use a client of your choice. Whether you choose a terminal or a GUI, it is a good idea to learn the basic concepts and commands for versioning your files before. Here’s some recommended reading to get you started:
- Git Immersion Tutorial – an excellent step-by-step tutorial to using Git
- Pro Git E-book and Printed Edition
- The Git Parable – understand the concepts behind Git with a simple story by Tom Preston-Werner