A READER'S TREASURY
The Cosmic Code by
Heinz R. Pagels
Quantum Physics as the Language of Nature
Published by Simon & Schuster/NY in 1982
A Book Review by Bobby Matherne ©2003
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The Cosmic Code has ratings and 26 reviews. (Quantim Physics as the Language of Nature paperback Pagels, Heinz R.; Heinz R. Pagels Jan 01,. A READER’S TREASURY. The Cosmic Code. Pagels Quantum Physics as the Language of Nature Published by Simon & Schuster/NY in The Cosmic Code: Quantum Physics as the Language of Nature. The Cosmic Code has ratings and 26 reviews. (Quantim Physics as the Language of Nature paperback Pagels, Heinz R.; Heinz R. Pagels Jan 01,. BOOKS The Cosmic Code: Quantum Physics as the Language of Nature by Heinz R. Michael Joseph, London; PP. Hardcover £ A READER’S TREASURY. The Cosmic Code. The Cosmic Code Heinz Pagels Pdf Download, Download Starry Night Pro Torrent, How To Download Kate Spade App, Assassins Creed Ezio Collection Pc Download. Fast and powerful Android emulator that enables you to run Android apps and games on a Windows PC. Soft for Windows. Read Download The Cosmic Codethe Cosmic Code PDF – PDF Download. The Cosmic Code Book Summary:' This is one of the most important books on quantum mechanics ever written for lay readers, in which an eminent physicist and successful science writer, Heinz Pagels, discusses and explains the core concepts of physics without resorting to complicated mathematics.
When I first read this book in 1982, over twenty years ago, I probably agreed, as aphysicist, with everything that Pagels wrote. Such as this statement from the Foreword:
[page 13] In the last ten years physicists have learned more about theuniverse than in previous centuries — they have seen a new picture of realityrequiring a conversion of our imaginations. The visible world is neithermatter nor spirit but the invisible organization of energy.
Today I would say rather, 'The visible world is both matter and spirit, the manifestationof which appears as an organization of energy.' But I would agree with him that we need toretool our imaginations. This book describes a world as described by quantum theory, one that is'rational but not visualizable.' I would make the case that physicists have bumped up against theultimate barrier of the physical world. (1) The reason their thoughts are rational but notvisualizable is because they remain rational scientists, but they believe, without proof, in themetaphysical reality of a material world without a spiritual substrate. They have shutthemselves off from, a priori, the very substrate of the material world, the spiritual world. Theyare in the condition of a scientist trying to explain the phenomenon called 'echo', but insistingall the while in studying only the reflected sound. As such they confront paradox after paradoxbecause no where can they find a clue as to the origin of the reflected sound, or even that it ismerely a reflection.
Einstein was one of the first physicists to retool our imaginations. He discovered theparadox of the speed of light being constant by imagining himself riding on a beam of light.
[page 23] Einstein knew Maxwell's theory of light and the fact that it agreedwith most experimental data. But if you could catch up to one of Maxwell'slight waves the way a surfboard rider catches an ocean wave, for a ride, thenthe light wave would not be moving relative to you but instead be standingstill. [something not allowed by Maxwell's theory]. . . So, he reasoned, theremust be something wrong with the assumption that you can catch a lightwave as you can catch a water wave. This idea was a seed from which thespecial theory of relativity grew nine years later.
Then he had us imagine what would happen if we rode out into space in a steadydirection: we would return to our starting point.
[page 18] My friends and companions thought I was crazy when I explainedto this to them, but I felt confident and pleased because I had Einsteinbacking me up. Later I learned that Einstein, anticipating such appeals to hisauthority, once ironically remarked, 'For rebelling against every form ofauthority Fate has punished me by making me an authority.'
Since Francis Bacon began the revolution in thinking that thenceforth required worthyscientists to pay attention solely to their sensory inputs from the material world, each century hasbrought an enormous change or two in the level of detail with which we can inspect the materialworld with our sensory apparatus. Heisenberg set a limit of the level of detail with which we caninspect the material world in his 'Uncertainty Principle' - a principle that states with certaintythat if you inspect the speed of a material particle with better and better accuracy there comes atime that your measurements will so perturb the particle that you will have no idea where theparticle is anymore. Imagine a room full of tiny bells through which you throw a baseball. Youcan measure where the ball is at time by listening to the tinkling of the bells. But if you let theball get smaller and smaller, you quickly reach a point where deflections by the bell willcompletely randomize the ball's path. Physicists had to admit, being rational beings, that theyhad reached the limit of knowability with the advent of Heisenberg's principle. With quantummechanics, the world became stranger and stranger. In this book Pagels covers many of thestrange behaviors of the world predicted by quantum mechanics. Strange, and to physicists,uncomfortable.
[page 63, 64] As I realized what the abstract mathematics of quantum theorywas actually saying, the world became a very strange place indeed. I becameuncomfortable. I would like to share that discomfort with you.
The best example of the strangeness is to listen to how Max Born 'interpreted the deBroglie-Schrödinger wave function as specifying the probability of finding an electron at somepoint in space.' In order words, it is not a description of the motion of a wave in space but rathergives the probability of finding the particle it represents there, when one takes the square of theprobability wave. Once again physics moved farther away from its classical roots. Physicscalculations became less like balancing a checkbook and more like calculating the probability ofwinning a pot with a given set of cards in a poker game.
[page 85] The world changed from having the determinism of a clock tohaving the contingency of a pinball machine.
Heisenberg's uncertainty principle combined with Bohr's complementarity principlebecame what was known as the 'Copenhagen interpretation' of quantum mechanics. Neils Bohrwas a philosopher whose scope extended beyond physics, a fact that did not endear him tohardline physicists such as Pagels, the author of this book.
[page 94] Bohr later in his life thought that the principle of complementarityapplied to the problem of determining the material structure of livingorganisms. We could either kill an organism but sacrifice knowledge of itsstructure. The experiment al act of determining the structure also kills theorganism. Of course, this latter idea is completely wrong, as molecularbiologists have shown in establishing the molecular basis for life. I cite thisexample because it shows that even if you are as smart as Bohr, extendingprinciples of science beyond their usual domain of application may lead tospurious conclusions.
/melodyne-3-download.html. Bohr's point was this, as I understand it: Western medicine is built on a study ofcadavers, of corpses completely devoid of life. Where one may point to successes in such anapproach, it is too soon to tell whether the ultimate efficacy of such an approach will out weighthe detrimental effects on the quality of human life. Pagels misses Bohr's philosophical pointcompletely and thus recursively proves his own point by demonstrating the ineffectiveness of aphysicist who tries to operate in the field of philosophy which is outside of their usual domain.
In this next passage Pagels pans Goethe's pan-psychism, calls it vitalism, calls Goethe'one of the fathers of vitalism', and mis-states what it is Vitalists believe.
[page 100] Vitalists believe there is a special 'life force' in living organismsnot subject to physical laws. While this appeals to our experience, there is nomaterial basis for it. Life depends only on how ordinary matter is organized.Life-force vitalists are rare today, but they have been replaced by those whobelieve that human consciousness has some special property that goes beyondthe laws of physics. [RJM: italics added]
Wow! Where does one start with such a load of erroneous presuppositions? Let's look atPagels' first sentence and replace the phrase I added italics to with a phrase that best expresseswhat I understand Goethe to have been talking about:
Goethe believed there is a special 'life force' in living organisms that is thevery basis of physical laws.
Goethe believed, so far as I know, that the spiritual world came first and everything wesee in the material was organized in accordance with the spiritual world, a world that is notperceptible to the sense, super-sensible, but very real nevertheless and capable of understandingby it effects, not unlike what Pagels and other material scientists claim to be true of the quantumreality of the world. One wonders if Goethe and Pagels are not in fact talking of the same thing.What a shock to Pagels this would be.
The next sentence, 'While this appeals to our experience, there is no material basis forit.' clearly demonstrates that Pagels does not understand that there can be no material basis fornon-material reality. To use a physicist metaphor: material reality (the sensory world which wecan measure with our man-made instruments) is like a precipitate from a solution. What wasinvisible to the eye becomes visible. No physicist would declare that the precipitated material didnot exist in the solution before it became visible. No physicist would declare, as Pagels doesabove, that 'there is no material basis for it' just because it was not visible to the human eye. ToGoethe, material reality is a precipitate from the spiritual world, a sense-perceptible precipitatefrom a 'solution' in which it was non-sense perceptible, or to put it into a positive form, a'solution' in which it was perceptible only to super-sensible perception.
The reality of sensory perception is that man-made instruments are designed to augmentwhat humans can perceive with their sensory capabilities. But the human being containsinstruments of cognition for which no man-made instruments exist. The attempts to create suchinstruments, such as Kirlian photography, have resulted in interesting play things that tantalizebut do not deliver what they promise, a way of perceive the super-sensible world. That world isstill only perceptible to human beings, and a small minority of human beings. One of the mostremarkable of whom was Rudolf Steiner, an Austrian philosopher, who was born with an abilityto consciously access the super-sensible world and who developed himself as a creditablescientist who could compile his insights into the spiritual world into a body of knowledge whichcan best be described as spiritual science.
Steiner grew up in a world very much interested in the spiritual world, but a worldconsumed with proving the spiritual world's existence by means of sensible perceptions such astable-tapping, automatic writing, seances, etc., all of which provided sensory data for everyonepresent. Steiner knew too well the folly of such attempts and the serious blow they dealt to thoselike himself who could actually perceive the super-sensible worlds. Spiritual science was hisresponse to a world that had gotten off-track in its desire to perceive the spiritual world usingmaterial-world sensory instruments. Goethe played an important part in Steiner's developmentbecause Steiner could perceive directly and consciously those spiritual aspects of the world thatGoethe postulated and believed were there. Building on the Goethean science, Steiner was ableto fill out the project that Goethe started and bring it to fruition in what Steiner came to call'anthroposophy' - a word Steiner coined from anthropos — the full human being and sophie --knowledge. Anthroposophy is the knowledge that is only capable of being possessed by thewhole human. It is not possible for anthroposophy to grasped by any animal, but only by a humanbeing. And only by a human being who fully uses his thinking, feeling, and willing. Note that thisspecifically excludes a human being who only uses his thinking, especially thinking restricted toonly rational thinking of the kind that materialistic scientists such as Pagels so proudly displaysas the only requirement for understanding the world.
Shakespeare might have been thinking of the Pagels of the world when he had Hamletsay, 'There are more things in heaven and earth, Horatio, than are dreamt of in your philosophy.'
Like the Biblical injunction to 'Render unto Caesar those things that are Caesar's' we shouldpermit physicists to expostulate upon those things that are physical and those things that are notphysical, require them to be silent or to be condemned for irrationality.
We can now address the issue of the last sentence of the page 100 passage, 'Life-forcevitalists are rare today, but they have been replaced by those who believe that humanconsciousness has some special property that goes beyond the laws of physics.' Yes, humanconsciousness goes beyond the laws of physics because the laws of physics carefully excludeinvestigations in that realm. If only physicists grasped that aspect of their laws, they would thenbe loathe to make pronouncements about the non-existence of that realm. Let physicists learn tosay, with Alfred O. Korzybski's blessing, 'The spiritual realm does not exist, so far as I know.'and they and us will be happier for the fact of acknowledging Hamlet's declared loophole.
On pages 140 to 143, Pagels examines the double slit experiment in detail, includingdiagrams. Basically one fires electrons at two side by side slits with one slit closed and adistribution of electrons appears behind the open slit. Change slits and the distribution, lookingever so much like a distribution of machine gun bullets, appears behind the second slit. Openboth slits and instead of finding identical distributions behind both slits, you get a wigglydistribution more like what you would get if these were water waves approaching the slits insteadof electrons. But the wiggles are different sorts of waves than water waves — the wigglesrepresent the probability of finding an electron behind the slit at a given location. If you fire onlyone electron, something you cannot do with a water wave, you will get the same distribution ofprobabilities across the back of the two slits as when you fired a lot of electrons. This tells us thatthe electron approaches the slits as a wave, exits the slit as a wave, and only when the electronhits an electron detector and is absorbed (and thereby observed) does the probability wavefunction collapse at the point where it is absorbed.
If one really wishes to get their mind around this concept, one should review the ThreeLaws of QED (Quantum Electro Dynamics) as formulated by Nobelist Physicist RichardFeynman. From these 'laws' one can deduce all the multiplicity of phenomena of QED just asfrom Newton's laws one can deduce all the phenomena of classical mechanics. Note that nothingis said about how an electron gets from one place to another or what kind of a thing an electron iswhen it travels. In QED we lose the ability to talk about such kinds of realities completely. Whatwe can talk about rationally is the probability of find an electron at a certain place if we choose tolook.
I. A photon goes from place to place.
II. An electron goes from place to place.
III. An electron emits or absorbs a photon.
The next startling find in quantum reality shook physicist s to the core. It began with aparadox formulated by Einstein and his two graduate assistants Poldosky and Rosen [usuallycalled EPR paradox]. This was followed by thought experiments that resolved nothing until JohnBell proposed a theorem, the Bell Theorem, and a real experiment to test the theorem. In anutshell the experiment told us that the world was not locally causal! Simply put if two particleshave been in contact with each and are sent out in opposite directions at the speed of light for asecond, a year or a century, and then one of the particles is observed, say its polarization, thepolarization of the other particle will immediately be determined: it will necessarily take theother polarization. Somehow a simultaneous change occurs in two particles separated by lightyears!
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How can one understand this? One way I find useful, as suggested by the double-slitexperiment above, is to drop the assumption that the two particles are separated! If the twoparticles are electrons, we already know that the electrons are not particles, but exist in a patternof diffuse waves until they are detected or observed. Thus, when we send these two electronszipping along at light wave speed in opposite directions, what we are actually doing is creatingan expanding wave front holding two potential electrons with the characteristic that if oneelectron is observed, the remaining electron, if subsequently observed, must take the oppositepolarization to that found in the first electron.
As tantalizing as it is to think that this could be used to send information at speeds fasterthan the speed of light, Pagels shows that it is not possible. The sequences that appear at bothelectrons are totally random.
[page 175] That is how real nonlocality is avoided by the God that plays dice;He is always shuffling the deck of nature.
In his Chapter 13 The Reality Marketplace, Pagels asks us to imagine visits to severalshops, the Many Universes for Sale Shop, the Quantum Logic Shop, and the Local Reality Shop.These imaginative dialogues will help the reader to sort out the various subjects that createconversations among physicists when they discuss what might be the ultimate reality of theworld, or at least, each one's favorite version of what that reality might be.
In Part II of his book, 'The Voyage into Matter' things get stranger and weirder. We findquarks inside of atomic particles with such attributes as color, charm, and strangeness. Thedeeper we probe reality the larger becomes the family of particles.
Aristotle said, 'Nature abhors a vacuum.' He had no idea how prophetic his words wouldbe in the mid-twentieth century when physicists found that what we have called a vacuum isreally not a void, but boiling, teeming plenum of particles. Particles and anti-particles arecontinually created out of the plenum and fall back into it.
[page 274] Space looks empty only because this great creation anddestruction of all the quanta takes place over such short times and distances.
There is much more to discover about the universe and yourself inside the covers of thisbook. It is a comfort to see that physicists, the deeper they get into studying the structure ofreality find more questions than answers, and some, like Pagels, even find more faith thanskepticism. Pagels often climbed mountains in ice and snow, often hanging off the side ofslippery rocks, suspended in air. One of his friends asked him why he was trying to kill himselfand he objected to that characterization, so his friend replied, 'When you are as old as I am youwill see that you are trying to kill yourself.'
[page 349] I often dream about falling. Such dreams are commonplace to theambitious or those who climb mountains. Lately I dreamed I was clutching atthe face of a rock but it would not hold. Gravel gave way. I grasped for ashrub, but it pulled loose, and in cold terror I fell into the abyss. Suddenly Irealized that my fall was relative; there was no bottom and no end. A feelingof pleasure over came me. I realize that what I embody, the principle of life,cannot be destroyed.
If what we embody, like sub-atomic particles, can disappear into the plenum of theCosmic and re-emerge later in some new form, then we can see how physicists are beginning toglimpse the real essence of the Cosmos as they attempt to learn the Cosmic Code. If a physicistlike Pagels can learn from a feeling about the ultimate reality of the Cosmos, then there is hopefor the rest of us.
---------------------------- Footnotes -----------------------------------------
Footnote 1. In 2009 when I read and reviewed Quantum Enigma — Physics Encounters Consciousness, I made the point that the quantum enigma exists because of how materialistic physicists interpret quantum effects in which so-called objects move in and out between material and spiritual realities. Read my review here: http://www.doyletics.com/arj/quanenig.htm
Return to text directly before Footnote 1.Click Left Photo for List of All ARJ2 Reviews Click Right Bookcover for Next Review in List Did you Enjoy this Webpage?
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